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In the past century Moscow went through the invasion of Napoleon's army that forced all Muscovites to leave their city. Moscow was burned down but was never conquered. Once the enemy was driven away. its inhabitants set about building Moscow anew.

Nowadays in erecting new buildings, the Muscovites take care to preserve its unique monuments. Its architectural ensembles have been formed over the centuries and each generation added features of its Lime to the appearance of the city.

The city has thousands of libraries, schools, kindergartens and nurseries, hundreds of clubs and cinemas, dozens of higher educational establishments, theatres, museums and stadiums.

Neither words nor convincing figures, however, can give a complete idea of what had been done in Moscow. One has to visit Moscow plants and factories, to stroll about its streets and squares, to see its new residential areas.

The Kremlin is now both a piece of living history and an ensemble of masterpieces of Russian architecture.

The first thing that meets the eye is the redbrick walls of the Kremlin, reinforced by 20 towers, five of which are also gates. The Kremlin's towers are unique in appearance. Built in 1485, the Tainitsky Tower is the oldest. The highest of them is the Trinity Tower which is 80 metres tall.

The Bolshoi Theatre was opened in 1825. The theatre seats 2,150. The company has more than 900 members.

The State Tretyakov Gallery. The gallery's works of Russian fine arts range from unique mosaics and icons of the 11th century to works of contemporary artists. The gallery is named after great Russian Connoisseur Pavel Tretyakov who left his collection as a gift to the nation. It has become one of the most popular places of interest in Moscow since then.

QUESTIONS

1. When did Moscow become the capital?

2. What was the former capital of Russia?

3. When did the rapid growth of Moscow's population occur?

4. What is the centre of Moscow?

5. When did Napoleon's invasion take place?

6. What did all Muscovites do then?

7. Do Muscovites love their city? What do they do for Moscow?

8. What new residential areas in Moscow do you know?

9. Have you ever been to Moscow?

10. What impression did Moscow produce on you?

11. What places of interest do you know?

12. What would you like to see in Moscow?

13. Have you ever been to the Bolshoi Theatre?

14. What do you know about the Tretyakov Gallery?

15. What is the biggest and the most famous university of Russia?

The Kremlin

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