Эдит Хэйбер. "Ведьма" Тэффи: мифология русской души

Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: курсовая работа на тему право, чс реферат
Добавил(а) на сайт: Яговенко.

Lilia manages with great difficult to get the necessary papers, but she still needs to get back some of her money from Garri in order to make the trip. The day she decides to broach the subject she waits for him in her room and suddenly feels someone's eyes on her. She turns around and sees a dog: «Большая, рыжая, худая, шерсть сбитая, а порода в роде chien-loup! Стоит в дверях и смотрит прямо на меня. Что за чудо?». She cannot understand how it got into the locked room and lets it out. Then Garri appears, looking terrible and in state of extreme agitation. He suddenly screams: «— Это откуда?» (318), and Lilia, turning around, sees the dog huddled in the corner, staring intently at Garri. Garri, almost excessively frightened, chases it from the room. Lialia begins her conversation, but then sees a horrified look on Garri's face. She turns around and sees the dog with both its paws on the window sill. It jumps down, but she manages to see its terrible eyes fixed on Garri. When Lilia raises the question os money with Garri, his reaction is direct and brutal: he tears up her paper and grabs her by the throat. Lilia loses consciousness, but first manages to call for help. At this point something weird occurs: «Раздался звон разбитого стекла и что-то огромное, тяжелое, мохнатое впрыгнуло и упало сбоку на Гарри, повалив его и покрыв собою» (319). When Lilia comes to, she finds that Garri's throat is torn through and the dog has

disappeared.This occurs on the twenty-seventh. A long time later, Lilia discovers that Tolia, who had received her message and was rushing to her aid, was shot by the Bolsheviks on the very same day. The story concludes:

«Вот и вся целиком история, которую я хотела рассказать. Ничего в ней я не сочинила и не прибавила, и ничего не могу и не хочу объяснить. Но сама я, когда оборачиваюсь к прошлому, я вижу ясно все кольца событий и стержень, на который некая сила их нанизывала.

Нанизала и сомкнула концы» (320).

«Собака» is typical of Ведьма, in that nothing unambiguously supernatural occurs, and yet one would be hard put to give a rational explanation of the events. What is not typical is the character of Tolia te dog. For while in the other stories, the uncanny force is generally some dark passion or superstition, here it is wholly positive: Tolia's devoted, self-sacrificing love. It is significant in this regard that Tolia is not associated with the frightening нечисть who figure in the other stories, but with a dog. For to Teffi the kind of selfless love that he exemplifies is present in its purest form precisely in animals. She devoted a considerable number of stories to this marvelous animal love, particularly in the volume published immediately after Ведьма, О нежности.

And so in «Собака», even more clearly than in «Русалка», a striking reversal takes place. It is to Lialia's everyday milieu — Garri's «green, abnormal» circle — that grotesque and rfightening traits are attributed. Tolia, on the other hand, although pathetic in his hopeless love, is portrayed as wholesome and boyish, with his round face and childlike eyes.

In general in Ведьма, there is a dichotomy between everyday life — at best monotonous and at worst terribly cruel — and the uncanny. While the latter rarely takes as positive a form as in «Собака», it is frequently an emanation of some genuine and strong passion, although at times perverted by circumstances, as in «Русалка». Even in those cases when some dark superstition is being portrayed, with no particular redeeming features, as in «Ведьма», it still adds a certain excitement and interest to life, which would otherwise be almost unbearably dreary.

Список литературы

Эдит Хэйбер. "Ведьма" Тэффи: мифология русской души

Поделитесь этой записью или добавьте в закладки