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Export. Structure of export Republic of Kazakhstan in Russian
Federation for the last few years has varied, the separate commodity groups have occupied a leading position.
Now on four commodity groups (fuel mineral, oil and petroleum; products of inorganic chemistry; grain bread and ores) are necessary about 80 % of the
Kazakhstan export in Russia, whereas in 1994 on the pointed groups it was necessary 53,3 %. In 2001 as contrasted to 2000 the separate outbound delivering tended to lowering, so, for example, the specific gravity of export of a grain was reduced from 12 % up to 6 %; the export of products of inorganic chemistry was reduced from 14 % up to 13 %. Certainly, on lowering of export in Russia renders influence a variance between the in- house prices and prices of outbound delivering.

At the same time it is necessary to mark, that the reduction of export has taken place not on all basic groups of the commodity spectrum. The specific gravity of export of ore has increased from 8 % up to 10 % and export of fuel from 46 % up to 47 %.

Import Republic of Kazakhstan goes into first five of the countries of the basic trade partners of Russia in import. The specific gravity of import of Russia has increased in total amount of the Kazakhstan import from 36,7 % per 1999 up to 45,4 % per 2001. There were insignificant variations in groups of imported commodity production. So, the volumes of import were reduced

The analysis of export and import displays, that in structure of import as against export there is no predominance of separate commodity groups at the same time a specific gravity of articles of food, products of processing ready articles grows.

From 89 regions of Russian Federation 72 have trade - economic links with Republic of Kazakhstan.

Feature of transport -geographical interregional links of regions of
Russia with Kazakhstan is the directedness mutual goods traffic primarily with Ural, Western and East Siberia, and also with Moscow and Moscow region.

The important place in the Russia -Kazakhstan links occupies frontier cooperating, on which share it is necessary 71,5 % from common commodity circulation. In export of many frontier subjects of Federation significant volume is necessary on production of a petrochemical industry.

The significant experience of mutual economic cooperating with frontier regions of Kazakhstan accumulated in the Orenburg region, and also Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan with frontier regions of Russia. Now 18 % of the
Orenburg export and more than 40 % of import have on Kazakhstan.

As a whole before Kazakhstan in mutual trade with Russia there is a series of perspective tasks, which decision will influence definitely on a common economic situation in the country.

One of the important tasks is the variation of trade balance of
Kazakhstan and Russian Federation from negative in positive. Besides the gradual variation of structure commodity circulation in favorable for
Republic of Kazakhstan direction is desirable.

Radiating from interests of two states, it is expedient in the nearest perspective to consider a complex of measures on hardening links of frontier regions. The necessity of creation of legal fundamentals of a development of frontier regions does not call doubts. On our sight, it is necessary to speed up development of the defining laws. Among them there are Laws About state support of a socio economic development of frontier territories of Republic of Kazakhstan, About free economic regions, About frontier trade.

Obvious presence of potential and mutually advantageous opportunities of Russia and Kazakhstan also is of use of the optimum shapes of specialization, density of the industrial and financial capital, use of effective financial instruments, architecture of optimum commodity, financial and transport streams. In this connection special urgency in a development Kazakhstan – Russia links was got with problems of a synchronization of legislative and normative basis of the countries.

Not less important the coordinated marketing strategy of Kazakhstan and
Russia in the international markets is represented, where the saving and hardening of common positions is quite possible. The priority direction represents perfecting the organizational shapes of activity Kazakhstan and
Russian suppliers in the world markets. They can become cartel of the agreement.

3. Cooperating in oil gas and power sphere.

The given direction of cooperating between two countries is one of perspective. The structure of the Kazakhstan export of oil on the countries in 2001 is characterized by lowering of a share of delivering in the countries of CIS (17 %) and expansion of geography of export of oil in the cities of foreign countries (83 %).

The indexes of export of petroleum in 2001 essentially have varied as contrasted to 2000. Alongside with export Kazakhstan realizes import of petroleum. And 98 % of all imported volumes of petroleum are necessary on
Russian Federation.

Kazakhstan more than 50 % depends on Russia in a ratio of delivering of crude oil on refinery factory in Shimkent and Pavlodar which receive west
Siberian oil on the manifold from Omsk. Pavlodar refinery factory on 100 % depends on west Siberian oil.

Its technological dependence on Russia falls into basic problems
Pavlodar refinery factory: the production cycle of the enterprise is calculated for consumption west Siberian oil with the low contents of sulphur and paraffin. The perspective flagship of the Kazakhstan oil processing is complicated with its neighborhood with the Russian factories
- competitors:

Omsk, Ufa, Volgograd refinery factories, they have stable access to crude oil, besides on reduced prices.

The cooperating in oil and gas branch explicates also through link of share development of the Kazakhstan deposits. Russia in the projects on natural resources users in region of Republic of Kazakhstan.

The large interest in relation to Kazakhstan is expressed with the large oil Russian company “Yokus” which has received a section for developments in Russia and region of Kazakhstan.

Since 2000 the electric power system of Kazakhstan works in a parallel condition from European Economic Community of Russia and grid system of the countries of Central Asia.

The parallel operation of electric power systems considerably has boosted quality of electrical power and reliability of electro supply of consumers of Kazakhstan, Central Asia and Russian Federation, and also has allowed operatively to realize surplus of electricity and transit of electrical power, it is more rational to use power powers of electrical stations. The electric power system of Kazakhstan and Russian Academy of
Science, European Economic Comminity of Russia are called secure each other in case of crashes.

In the whole cooperating of Kazakhstan and Russia in fuel and energy sphere has noticeable perspectives.

The major factor of a development of the power market is the deepening of cooperating in the field of scientific researches and developments of advanced techniques in manufacture of power, electro technical equipment.
Now all aspects of equipment for power stations are made in Russia. With disintegration of Union economic links between the manufacturers and consumers of a utilities, equipment considerably have worsened, that is negatively reflected in availability index of product of power complexes of the country. On this question it is expedient except of concrete measures at a level of Government.

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