КАТЕГОРИЯ ПРОТИВОПОЛОЖНОСТЬ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: реферати, конспект урока на тему
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He was becoming like Katherine – planning humorous situations at unhumorous moments.
Reasonable – unreasonable
Now it seemed one of the most reasonable things in the world that i should have come, and now one of the most unreasonable.
Morality - immorality
Just as one doesn’t mind men practising immorality so long as they own they are in the wrong by preaching morality, so i could forgive Andrew for preaching immorality while practised morality.
Adulterated– unadulterated
My products all fresh, pure unadulterated, stamped and correctly weighed… We have never adulterated our opium since that day.
Intelligently–unintelligently
Intelligently or unintelligently, i try to follow the line of self – interest, because as i see it there is no other guide.
Chequered – unchequered
Soams had been her mainstay throughout 34 years chequered by Montegue
Darty, had continued her mainstay in the theirteen unchequered years since.
Capable – incapable
We agreed we were capable of almost anything and we agreed he was incapable of hurting his master.
Mature – immature
His mind is a mature, not an immature one.
Order - disorder
Well, Clara’s not like you. She belongs to the new order or disorder.
Selfish – unselfish
The love of a mother for the children is dominant, leonine, selfish and unselfish.
Однако, следует заметить, что не у всех значений одного и того же слова могут быть антонимы.
Agree – v. Из пяти значений только три имеют антонимы:
1.to say “yes”, ex: I asked for a pay rise and she agreed. – refuse.
2.to have a similar opinion to somebody, ex: I agree with his analysis of the situation. – disagree.
3.to be consisted with something; to match, ex: You account of the affair doesn’t agree with hers. – disagree.
Broad – adj. Из восьми значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.large in extent from one side to the other, wide, ex: He’s tall, broad
and muscular. – thin.
Credit – n. Из семи значений только два имеют антонимы: 1.the state of having money in one’s bank account, ex: I’m about $400 in credit at the moment. – debit.
2.praise, approval, respect, ex: I can’t take any of the credit – the others did all the work. – discredit.
Direct – adj. Из четырех значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.exact, complete, ex: That’s the direct opposite of what you told me
yesterday. – indirect.
Full – adj. Из двух значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.containing as much as possible; completely filled, ex: The cupboard was
stuffed full of old newspapers. – empty.
Hard – adj. Из тринадцати значений только три имеют антонимы:
1.stif and solid and not easy bent or broken, ex: Ground made hard by
frost. – soft.
2.not feeling or showing affection, pity, etc, ex: They exchanged hard words and went the separate ways. – soft.
3.containing calcium and other mineral salts , ex: Our water is very hard. – soft.
Order – n. Из четырнадцати значений только два имеют антонимы:
1.the state that exists when people obey the laws, rules or authority, ex:
The police are trying to restore public order. – disorder.
2.the state of being carefully and neatly arranged, ex: Get your ideas into some kind of order before beginning to write. – disorder.
Black – adj. Из девяти значений только три имеют антонимы:
1.of the very darkest colour, ex: A big black cloud appeared. – white.
2.without milk, ex: Two black
coffees, please. – white.
3.of a race that has dark skin, ex: Many black people emigrated to Britain
it the 1950s. – white.
Wet – adj. Из четырех значений только два имеют антонимы:
1.covered or soak with liquid, esp. Water, ex: Her cheeks were wet with
tears. – dry.
2.raining, ex: It was the wettest October for many years. – dry.
Остальные значения этого слова не имеют антонимов:
3.recently applied and not yet dry or set.
4.without energy, strenth or courage.
Active – adj. Из шести значений только два имеют антонимы:
1.doing things; lively, ex: She takes an active part in local politics.
-inactive.
2.of the form of a verb whose subject is the person or thing that performs
the action (grammar), as in He was driving the car and the children have
eaten the cake. – passive.
Advance – v. Из шести значений только два имеют антонимы:
1.to move or put somebody/something forward, ex: He advanced his queen to
threaten his opponent’s king. – refreat.
2.to move an event forward to an earlier date, ex: The date of meeting has
been advanced from 10 to 3 June. – postpone.
Behind – prep. Из четырех значений только одно имеет
антоним:
1.at or towards the back of somebody/something, ex: Who’s the girl standing
behind Richard? – in front of.
У остальных значений данного слова нет антонимов:
2.making less progress than somebody/something.
3.giving support to or approval of somebody/something.
4.responsible for starting or developing something.
Deep – adj. Из девяти значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.extending a long way from top to bottom, ex: a deep river box. – shallow.
Down – adv. Из девяти значений только четыре имеют
антонимы:
1.from the upright position to a lower level, ex: He bent down to pick up
his gloves.- up.
2.indicating a lower place or state, ex: The bread is on the third shelf
down. – up.
3.to be read from top to bottom, not from side to side, ex: I can’t do 3
down. – across.
4.away from a university (Brit), ex: going down at the end of the year. –
up.
Dream – n. Из четырех значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.a sequence of scenes and feeling occurring in the mind during sleep, ex:
Good night – sweet dreams! – nightmare.
У остальных значений данного слова нет антонимов:
2.a state of mind in which the things happening around one do not seem
real.
3.an ambition or idea.
4.a beautiful or wonderful person or thing.
First – adv. Из четырех значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.before anyone or anything else; at the beginning, ex: I’ll finish my work
first. – last.
У остальных значений данного слова антонимов нет:
2.for the first time. else.
3.to begin with.
4.in preference to something
For – prep.Из семнадцати значений только одно имеет антоним:
1.in defence or support of somebody/something, ex: I’m all for pubs staying
open all day. – against.
Особенно широко используются антонимичные пары в пословицах и поговорках, в которых отражен многовековой социально – исторический опыт народа, имеющие устойчивую, лаконичную, ритмически организованную форму и поучительный смысл. Пословицы и поговорки – явление мысли, языка и искусства. Главное в пословицах и поговорках не информация, заложенная в ней, а художественный образ, смысловая двуплановость.
The time passes away but sayings remain.
Время проходит, сказанное остается.
After a storm comes fair weather, after sorrow comes joy.
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