Ministry of Education RS (Yakutia)

The Yakut state university name M.K. Ammosova

Physicotechnical institute

Power faculty

REFERAT

On a theme: NIKOLAEV AND YAKUTIA

Has executed:

students of group ЭО-01

Vasil’ev M., Archaxov F., Mixailov A.

Has checked up:

Zaxarova E.V.

Yakutsk 2002.

THE CONTENTS

1. History ……………………………………………….…………………………………… 4
2. A few words about richness ………………………………………………. 5
3. Sovereignity …………………………………………………………………………… 6
4. Economic relations ………………………………………………………………... 8
5. Mikhail Nikolaev …………………………………………………………………... 10
6. The conclusion ………………………………………………………………………. 11

The used literature …………………………………………………………………… 14

Yakutia is a well-known place in the world since ancient time. But Republic of Yakutia has received its own flag and stamp only recently, with receiving of true sovereignity. In opinion of majority of Republic citizens, both of state symbols most conciseness express historical destiny of Yakutia native people, their present day, their future and nature of the north country.

Present sovereign Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is an exporter and importer of goods production. But first of all a few words about history.

HISTORY

Beginning from the 17th century, with coming of Cossackslandwalders to the Lena river, the “Lena area”, as they called Yakutia, attracted attention of Russian tzars, and their close surrounding. Of course, attention of Russian authorities to Yakutia was called by political and economical matters in difference of attention of scientists, travellers, men of letters.

Union of new lands, need in famous Yakutian fur, which was carrying off abroad, to European and Asian countries, filling up the state treasure, were necessary. Economic potention of Yakutia especially in the 20th century, grew exceedingly, although it continued to serve as pantry of natural richnesses only.

A FEW WORDS ABOUT RICHNESS

Before this time richness of sakha people was cattle and its products, such as meat, milk and butter. Besides of this, it was nature: sakha, evenks, evens, jukagirs and local Russians, they were rigorous and silent, and nourished to nature the most tender feeling, used its gifts in necessary degree to live in these austere conditions. Furs were used only for practice. But in other hand, with sewing of clothes esthetical feeling of the people was manifested, they decorated their clothes with patterns, beads, other fur.

In the first half of the 17th century fairies appeared on the northeast, and beginning in June 25,1768 a decree of Senate on instituting of official fairies in Irkutsk, Yakutsk, Udinsk was adopted, Astonishing fact was the quantity of merchants of second and third guilde, in Yakutsk in 1823 they were 43, in Olyekminsk they were 10, in Vilyuisk – 8.

That’s why in the end of the 19th century Yakutian merchants traded on huge area not only in the area of north-east, they had exited to Japan,
China, and other countries. In the 20th century famous merchant families gathered put together, such as Averenskie, Astrafhantsevy, Molotcovy,
Nikiforovy, and many others.

SOVEREIGNITY

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