Subjunctive (or conditional) mood

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If I were you, I would accept their offer. (Если бы я был на вашем месте, я бы принял их предложение.) b) In subordinate sentences of course of action (образа действия), beginning with conjunctive as if:

Ex. He spoke as if he were a specialist on the subject. ( Он говорил, как если бы он был специалистом по этому вопросу.) c) In subordinate sentences of object with the verb to wish:

Ex. I wish he were with! (Как я хотела, чтобы он был с нами.)

From all forms of Subjunctive mood the form were is the most spread, but it is often replaced by the form was in the first and the third persons of a singular form. It is especially typical for colloquial speech.

Ex. If he was here, he would help us.

Thus, those few forms of the Subjunctive mood that are preserved in the modern language are gradually ousted from it.

The desirable and suppositional actions are expressed also by the following combinations: should, would, may, might plus infinitive, which perform the functions of the Subjunctive mood.

Ex. There are some suggestions that might help in our work.

(Имеются некоторые предположения, которые могли бы помочь в нашей работе).

Conditional sentences.

Conditional sentences are closely connected with subjunctive

(conditional) mood. There are three types of conditional sentences.

Conditional sentences of the first type express entirely real and realizable suppositions and correspond in Russian language to conditional sentences with verbs in indicative mood. These conditional sentences mostly express suppositions referring to the future tens.

Ex. If the weather is fine to-morrow, we shall go to the country. (Если завтра будет хорошая погода, мы поедем за город.)

There is no necessity to further consider this type of conditional sentences as they do not conform to the theme.

The conditional sentences of the second type express incredible and improbable suppositions. They refer to the present or future and in Russian language agree with conditional sentences with verbs in Subjunctive mood (i.e. in the form of past tens with the particle бы in Russian language). In the conditional sentences of the second type in subordinate clause (in condition) there used the form of Past Indefinite and in main clause (in consequence) – a combination of should or would with Indefinite Infinitive:

Ex. If Helen knew** about Alice’s arrival (now), she would call her up. (Если бы Елена знала о прибытии Алисы, она бы ей позвонила).

(Given sentence is incredible as Helen does not know about

Alice’s arrival that is why she can not call her up.)

Ex. If my brother had** a time now, he would help them. ( Если бы у моего брата было время, он бы помог нам.)

(This sentence is also impossible as the brother has not time now that is why he can not help us.)

** We have here Subjunctive mood which however coincides with the form of Past Indefinite of Indicative mood.

The combinations such as:

1. Should (with all persons) with Infinitive without particle to;

2. Were (with all persons) with Infinitive with particle to. are used along with Past Indefinite in order to underline a small possibility of realization of a fact in future.

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