The History of Alaska (история Аляски)

Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: экзамен, рефераты по истории
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August 21
- In 1732, a Russian expedition under surveyor Mikhail Gvozdev sights the Alaska mainland at Cape Prince of Wales.

July 16
- In 1741, Vitus Bering, on St. Elias Day, sights the Alaskan mainland. In honour of the saint, the most prominent peak was named; this was the first point on the northwest coast named by Europeans.
December 8
- In 1741, Vitus Bering died after his ship was wrecked on an island off the Alaskan coast.
September 25
- In 1745, a Russian fur hunter, Mikhail Nevodchikov, reaches

Attu in his search for sea otters.

May 12
- In 1778, Captain James Cook entered Prince William Sound.
May 26
- In 1778, Captain James Cook entered Cook Inlet.
August 25
- In 1778, Captain James Cook turned back south
July
- In 1786, while charting Lituya Bay, 2 small boats are swamped by rip tides, and 21 French sailors drown.
July 8
- In 1799, the Russian American Company is formed by Royal

Charter; they were given a 20-year monopoly on trading on the coast from 55 degrees north.

March
- In 1812, the Russian American Company establishes a post at

Fort Ross, California to grow crops for their Alaska.
September
- In 1848, the Hudson's Bay Company builds Fort Selkirk, at the confluence of the Pelly and Yukon Rivers.
- In 1852, Fort Selkirk is destroyed by a group of Tlingits who objected to the Hudson's Bay Company trying to break the Tlingit monopoly on trade with the interior tribes.
March 30
- In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska for

$7,200,000
July 23
- In 1867, Alaska's first post office is authorized, to be opened at Sitka.
October 18
- In 1867, official ceremonies at Sitka transferred

Alaska from Russia to the United States.
July 27
- In 1868, the Customs Act is amended to include Alaska.
October 7
- In 1869, the prediction of a total solar eclipse by American scientist George Davidson so impressed Kohklux, chief of the Chilkat Indian village of Klukwan, he drew him an incredibly detailed map of a vast part of the interior of the Yukon and Alaska.
- In 1871, of the 41 whaling ships hunting in the Bering Sea,

32 are trapped by early ice; all of the 1,200 people on the ships escaped, but 31 of the ships were destroyed the following spring.
August
- In 1876, twelve whaling ships are trapped by ice near Point

Barrow; 50 men die attempting to reach safety.
July 2
- In 1882, George Krause becomes the first white man allowed to cross the Chilkat Pass to the interior.

- In 1894, a resolution of the Privy Council authorizes the

North-West Mounted Police into the Yukon "in the interests of peace and good government, in the interests also of the public revenue." By June

26, Inspector Charles Constantine and Staff-

Sergeant Charles Brown were at Juneau, heading for the goldfields of the British Yukon.
October 2
- In 1895, the North-west Territories was divided into the

Districts of Franklin, Mackenzie, Ungava and

Yukon.
August 17
- In 1896, a party consisting of George Carmack, his wife

Kate, Skookum Jim, Tagish Charlie and Patsy

Henderson stake placer gold claims on Rabbit

Creek, and rename the creek Bonanza Creek.
July 14
- In 1897, the Excelsior reaches San Francisco with the first large shipment of Klondike gold.
July 17
- In 1897, the Portland reached Seattle with a large shipment of Klondike, turning the excitement caused by the

Excelsior's arrival at San Francisco into an all-out gold rush.
- In 1898, gold was discovered near the future site of Nome, triggering a stampede.
- In 1898, a series of 5 avalanches in the Chilkoot Pass between

2:00 AM and noon killed over 70 people.
June 13
- In 1898, the Yukon Territory is created.
July 29
- In 1900, the White Pass & Yukon Route railroad was completed, with the Golden Spike driven at

Carcross, Yukon.
- In 1900, Congress authorized a massive telegraph construction project in Alaska.

July 22
- In 1902, Felice Pedroni ("Felix Pedro") discovered gold in the Tanana Hills, causing a stampede which resulted in the founding of Fairbanks.
May
- In 1904, the first commercial wireless communication facility in the U.S. opened, between Nome and St.

Michael.
May 7
- In 1906, the Alaska Delegate Act was passed by Congress, giving the territory's 40,000 people the right to elect a non-voting delegate to Congress.
August 24
- In 1912, the Alaska Territorial Act was passed by Congress.
July 3
- In 1913, the first airplane in Alaska made a demonstration flight at Fairbanks, piloted by James V. Lilly.
March 12
- In 1914, a bill authorizing the construction of the government-financed Alaska Railroad was signed by

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