Всесторонний Доход english
Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: налоги и налогообложение, сочинение рассказ
Добавил(а) на сайт: Енин.
Предыдущая страница реферата | 1 2
-2.80%
Рефераты | Топики по английскому языку | Всесторонний Доход english
Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку Теги реферата: налоги и налогообложение, сочинение рассказ Добавил(а) на сайт: Енин. Предыдущая страница реферата | 1 2 -2.80% |
|
| Mobil |
-1.60% |
| Dupont |
-0.60% |
| Merck |
-0.30% |
| Chrysler |
0 |
| Hewlett Packard |
0 |
| Disney |
0.10% |
| BankAmerica |
0.60% |
| Microsoft |
0.70% |
| AT&T |
0.80% |
| Intel |
1.40% |
| NationsBank |
2.90% |
| Pepsico |
3.50% |
| General Electric |
7.60% |
| Citibank |
18.30% |
Such new standards are often a source of frustration, especially to smaller, nonpublic entities and their CPAs. This frustration, often called standards-overload, arises both from the frequent issuance of new and often complicated standards and from the lack of perceived information benefit in financial statements. The overload and implementation costs stemming form SFAS #130 can be substantially eliminated through reclassification of the available-for-sale securities as trading securities, and this is what small private corporations usually do.
Regarding reporting financial performance, international standards say the following:
IAS 1 requires presentation of a statement showing changes in equity. Various formats are allowed:
1) The statement shows (a) each item of income and expense, gain or loss, which, as required by other IASC Standards, is recognized directly in equity, and the total of these items, certain foreign currency translation gains and losses (IAS 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates), and changes in fair values of financial instruments (IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement)) and (b) net profit or loss for the period, but no total of (a) and (b). Owners’ investments and withdrawals of capital and other movements in retained earnings and equity capital are shown in the notes.
2) Same as above, but with a total of (a) and (b) (sometimes called “comprehensive income”). Again, owners’ investments and withdrawals of capital and other movements in retained earnings and equity capital. An example of this would be the traditional multicolumn statement of changes in shareholders’ equity.
Bibliography[i] The impact of reporting comprehensive income, Ohio CPA Journal; Columbus; Jan-Mar 1999; Richard J Schmidt.
Comprehensive income reporting and analysts’ valuation judgements, Journal of Accounting Research; Chicago; D Eric Hirst; Patrick E Hopkins.
How companies are complying with the comprehensive income disclosure requirements; Ohio CPA Journal; Columbus; Jan-Mar 1999; Linda Campbell; Dean Crawford; Diana R Ranz.
Reporting Comprehensive Income; The Secured Lender; New York; Mar/Apr 1998; Eran Echreiber.
Discussion if comprehensive income reporting and analysts’ valuation judgements; Journal of Accounting Research; Chicago; 1998; Marlys Gascho Lipe;
http://www.iasc.org.uk
Avoiding the implementation costs of SFAS #130; The CPA Journal; New York; Jun 1999; Norman H Godwin; C Wayne Alderman;
Disclosure of comprehensive income may be confusing; Texas Banking; Austin; Oct 1996; Harrison, John S; Lynch, Chris;
The call for reporting comprehensive income; Financial Analysts; Charlottesville; Mar/Apr 1996; Cope, Anthony T; Johnson, L Todd; Reither.
Comprehensive income; Management Accounting; New York; Dec 1995; Bisgay, Louis.
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