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We look forward to your future communications on this matter. Best regards.

Sincerely yours,

Jeffrey A. Burt

Task III. Conversation on the topic of your thesis

аспирантура (канд. экз.)

Экзаменационный билет (на 2 листах) по дисциплине английский язык

(специальность: международное право; европейское право)

БИЛЕТ №9

Task I. Translate from English into Russian in writing using a dictionary.
Your time is 45 minutes

The Task of the International Judge

Lauterpacht argues that in avoiding a declaration of non liqiiet by filling material gaps in the law the judge is necessarily creative:
The rejection of the admissibility of non liqiiet implies the necessity for creative activity on (the part of international judges. Legal philosophy in the domain of municipal jurisprudence has shown the possibilities and, indeed, the inevitability of the law-creating function, within defined limits, of the judge within the State.
The development of international law by the International Court, its secondary function, is, for Lauterpacht, clearly and expressly connected with the doctrine of gradual concretization. In exercising this function, the Court is not bound to base its decision simply on the arguments and considerations raised in the parties' pleadings as in interpreting and applying concrete legal rules the Court does not act as an automatic slot- machine, totally divorced from the social and political realities of the international community. It exercises in each case a creative activity, having as its background the entirety of international law and the necessities of the international community. The distinction between the making of law by judges and by the legislature is upon analysis one of degree ... judicial activity is nothing else than legislation in concreto
...
But this is legislation within limits. The creativity of international judges must stop short of interference with established rights. If these are a cause of friction, then they might be a fit object for legislative change, but legisiation cannot be let in by a backdoor by transforming the nature of the judicial function'. Moreover, even where the judiciary is creative, its rulings are themselves relatively indeterminate: Judicial legislation is not - and ought not to be - like legislative codification by statute. It cannot attempt to lay down all the details of the application of the principle on which it is based. It lays down the broad principle and applies it to the case before it. Its elaboration must be left in. addition to any doctrinal elucidation of the law by writers, to ordinary legislative processes or to future judicial decisions disposing of the problems as they arise.
The clear conclusion to be drawn is that Lauterpacht views the international judicial function as one which is law creative, rather than as merely the elucidation of the specific legal relationships which obtain between the parties.

Iain J. M. Scobbie. The Theorist as Judge. European Journal of
International Law. Vol. 8 No 2, S997.

Task II. Translate the letter from English into Russian without a dictionary. Your time is 5-7 minutes athens travel service

2-4 Alopekis sir., 10675 Alhens

Tel: 00301-33 3 5254*Fax:00301-333 5256

07/08/00
To: Mr A.Egorov
From: C.Vakali
Ref: Eommex group 20/8-03/9/00

With reference to the above group, we would like to inform you with the following.
SCHEDULE
OA 352 20/8 Moscow-Athens 1450-1725
OA 351 03/9 Athens-Moscow 0930-1355
You are kindly requested not to issue tickets for those not travelling. All issued unused tickets must be delivered to our representative at the airport otherwise you will be charged. Upon your arrival at the Athens airport you will be met bv our representative, holding a sign:

EOMMEX

ATHENS TRAVEL SERVICE

We would like to know which person will be in charge as head of the group during their stay in Greece.
The group will stay at the Training Center of the National Bank.

Task III. Conversation on the topic of your thesis

аспирантура (канд. экз.)

Экзаменационный билет (на 2 листах) по дисциплине английский язык

(специальность: международное право; европейское право)

БИЛЕТ №10

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