American Literature books summary
Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: ломоносов реферат, ответ ru
Добавил(а) на сайт: Кондратий.
Предыдущая страница реферата | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | Следующая страница реферата
Huck practices his girl impersonation, then sets out for the Illinois shore. In a formerly abandoned shack, he finds a woman who looks forty, and also appears a newcomer. Huck is relieved she is a newcomer, since she will not be able to recognize him.
Chapters 11-13 Summary
The woman eyes Huckleberry somewhat suspiciously as she lets him in.
Huck introduces himself as "Sarah Williams," from Hookerville. The woman
"clatters on," eventually getting to Huck's murder. She reveals that Pap
was suspected and nearly lynched, but people came to suspect Jim, since he
ran away the same day Huck was killed. There is a three- hundred-dollar
price on Jim's head. But soon, suspicions turned again to Pap, after he
blew money the judge gave him to find Jim on drink. But he left town before
he could be lynched, and now there is two hundred dollars on his head. The
woman has noticed smoke over on Jackson's Island, and, suspecting that Jim
might be hiding there, told her husband to look. He will go there tonight
with another man and a gun. The woman looks at Huck suspiciously and asks
his name.
He replies, "Mary Williams." When the woman asks about the change, he
covers himself, saying his full name is "Sarah Mary Williams." She has him
try to kill a rat by pitching a lump of lead at it, and he nearly hits.
Finally, she asks him to reveal his (male) identity, saying she understands
that he is a runaway apprentice and will not turn him in. He says his name
is George Peters, and he was indeed apprenticed to a mean farmer. She lets
him go after quizzing him on farm subjects, to make sure he's telling the
truth. She tells him to send for her, Mrs. Judith Loftus, if he has
trouble. Back at the island, Huck tells Jim they must shove off, and they
hurriedly pack their things and slowly ride out on a raft they had found.
Huck and Jim build a wigwam on the raft in Chapter Twelve. They spend a
number of days drifting down river, passing the great lights of St. Louis
on the fifth night. They "lived pretty high," buying, "borrowing", or
hunting food as they need it. One night they come upon a wreaked steamship.
Over Jim's objections, Huck goes onto the wreck, to loot it and have an
"adventure," the way Tom Sawyer would. On the wreck, Huck overhears two
robbers threatening to kill a third so that he won't "talk."
One of the two manages to convince the other to let their victim be
drowned with the wreck. They leave. Huck finds Jim and says they have to
cut the robbers' boat loose so they can't escape. Jim says that their own
raft has broken loose and oated away. Huck and Jim head for the robbers'
boat in Chapter Thirteen. The robbers put some booty in the boat, but leave
to get some more money off the man on the steamboat. Jim and Huck jump
right into the boat and head off as quietly as possible. A few hundred
yards safely away, Huck feels bad for the robbers left stranded on the
wreck since, who knows, he may end up a robber himself someday. They find
their raft just before they stop for Huck to go ashore for help. Ashore,
Huck finds a ferry watchman, and tells him his family is stranded on the
steamboat wreck. The watchman tell him the wreck is of the Walter Scott.
Huck invents an elaborate story as to how his family got on the wreck, including the niece of a local big shot among them, so that the man is more
than happy to take his ferry to help. Huck feels good about his good deed, and thinks Widow Douglas would have been proud of him. Jim and Huck turn
into an island, and sink the robbers' boat before going to bed.
Chapters 14-16 Summary
Jim and Huck find a number of valuables among the robbers' booty in
Chapter Fourteen, mostly trinkets and cigars. Jim says he doesn't enjoy
Huck's "adventures," since they risk his getting caught. Huck recognizes
that Jim is intelligent, at least for what Huck thinks of a black person.
Huck astonishes Jim with his stories of kings. Jim had only heard of King
Solomon, whom he considers a fool for wanting to chop a baby in half. Huck
cannot convince Jim otherwise. Huck also tells Jim about the "dolphin," son
of the executed King Louis XVI of France, rumored to be wandering America.
Jim is incredulous when Huck explains that the French do not speak English, but another language. Huck tries to argue the point with Jim, but gives up
in defeat.
Huck and Jim are nearing the Ohio River, their goal, in Chapter
Fifteen. But one densely foggy night, Huck, in the canoe, gets separated
from Jim and the raft. He tries to paddle back to it, but the fog is so
thick he loses all sense of direction. After a lonely time adrift, Huck is
reunited with Jim, who is asleep on the raft. Jim is thrilled to see Huck
alive. But Huck tries to trick Jim, pretending he dreamed their entire
separation. Jim tells Huck the story of his dream, making the fog and the
troubles he faced on the raft into an allegory of their journey to the free
states. But soon Jim notices all the debris, dirt and tree branches, that
collected on the raft while it was adrift.
He gets mad at Huck for making a fool of him after he had worried about
him so much. "It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go
and humble myself to a nigger," but Huck apologizes, and does not regret
it. He feels bad about hurting Jim. Jim and Huck hope they don't miss
Cairo, the town at the mouth of the Ohio River, which runs into the free
states. Meanwhile, Huck's conscience troubles him deeply about helping Jim
escape from his "rightful owner," Miss Watson, especially after her
consideration for Huck. Jim can't stop talking about going to the free
states, especially about his plan to earn money to buy his wife and
children's freedom, or have some abolitionists kidnap them if their masters
refuse. When they think they see Cairo, Jim goes out on the canoe to check, secretly resolved to give Jim up. But his heart softens when he hears Jim
call out that he is his only friend, the only one to keep a promise to him.
Huck comes upon some men in a boat who want to search his raft for escaped
slaves. Huck pretends to be grateful, saying no one else would help them.
He leads them to believe his family, on board the raft, has smallpox. The
men back away, telling Huck to go further downstream and lie about his
family's condition to get help. They leave forty dollars in gold out of
pity. Huck feels bad for having done wrong by not giving Jim up.
But he realizes that he would have felt just as bad if he had given Jim up. Since good and bad seem to have the same results, Huck resolves to disregard morality in the future and do what's "handiest." Floating along, they pass several towns that are not Cairo, and worry that they passed it in the fog. They stop for the night, and resolve to take the canoe upriver, but in the morning it is gone{ more bad luck from the rattlesnake. Later, a steamboat drives right into the raft, breaking it apart. Jim and Huck dive off in time, but are separated. Huck makes it ashore, but is caught by a pack of dogs.
Chapters 17-19 Summary
A man finds Huck in Chapter Seventeen and calls off the dogs. Huck introduces himself as George Jackson. The man brings "George" home, where he is eyed cautiously as a possible member of the Sheperdson family. But they decide he is not. The lady of the house has Buck, a boy about Huck's age (thirteen or fourteen) get Huck some dry clothes. Buck says he would have killed a Shepardson if there had been any. Buck tells Huck a riddle, though Huck does not understand the concept of riddles. Buck says Huck must stay with him and they will have great fun. Huck invents an elaborate story of how he was orphaned. The family, the Grangerfords, offer to let him stay with them for as long as he likes. Huck innocently admires the house and its (humorously tacky) finery. He similarly admires the work of a deceased daughter, Emmeline, who created (unintentionally funny) maudlin pictures and poems about people who died. "Nothing couldn't be better" than life at the comfortable house.
Huck admires Colonel Grangerford, the master of the house, and his
supposed gentility. He is a warm- hearted man, treated with great courtesy
by everyone. He own a very large estate with over a hundred slaves. The
family's children, besides Buck, are Bob, the oldest, then Tom, then
Charlotte, aged twenty-five, and Sophia, twenty, all of them beautiful.
Three sons have been killed. One day, Buck tries to shoot Harney
Shepardson, but misses. Huck asks why he wanted to kill him. Buck explains
the Grangerfords are in a feud with a neighboring clan of families, the
Shepardsons, who are as grand as they are. No one can remember how the feud
started, or name a purpose for it, but in the last year two people have
been killed, including a fourteen-year-old Grangerford. Buck declares the
Shepardson men all brave. The two families attend church together, their ri
es between their knees as the minister preaches about brotherly love. After
church one day, Sophia has Huck retrieve a bible from the pews. She is
delighted to find inside a note with the words "two-thirty." Later, Huck's
slave valet leads him deep into the swamp, telling him he wants to show him
some water-moccasins. There he finds Jim! Jim had followed Huck to the
shore the night they were wrecked, but did not dare call out for fear of
being caught. In the last few days he has repaired the raft and bought
supplies to replace what was lost. The next day Huck learns that Sophie has
run off with a Shepardson boy. In the woods, Huck finds Buck and a nineteen-
year-old Grangerford in a gun-fight with the Shepardsons. The two are later
killed. Deeply disturbed, Huck heads for Jim and the raft, and the two
shove off downstream. Huck notes, "You feel mighty free and easy and
comfortable on a raft."
Huck and Jim are lazily drifting down the river in Chapter Nineteen.
One day they come upon two men on shore eeing some trouble and begging to
be let onto the raft. Huck takes them a mile downstream to safety. One man
is about seventy, bald, with whiskers, the other, thirty. Both men's
clothes are badly tattered. The men do not know each other but are in
similar predicaments. The younger man had been selling a paste to remove
tartar from teeth that takes much of the enamel off with it. He ran out to
avoid the locals' ire. The other had run a temperance (sobriety) revival
meeting, but had to ee after word got out that he drank. The two men, both
professional scam-artists, decide to team up. The younger man declares
himself an impoverished English duke, and gets Huck and Jim to wait on him
and treat him like royalty. The old man then reveals his true identity as
the Dauphin, Louis XVI's long lost son. Huck and Jim then wait on him as
they had the "duke." Soon Huck realizes the two are liars, but to prevent
"quarrels," does not let on that he knows.
Chapters 20-22 Summary
The Duke and Dauphin ask whether Jim is a runaway, and so Huckleberry
concocts a tale of how he was orphaned, and he and Jim were forced to
travel at night since so many people stopped his boat to ask whether Jim
was a runaway. That night, the two royals take Jim and Huck's beds while
they stand watch against a storm. The next morning, the Duke gets the
Dauphin to agree to put on a performance of Shakespeare in the next town
they cross. Everyone in the town has left for a revival meeting in the
woods. The meeting is a lively afiair of several thousand people singing
and shouting.
The Dauphin gets up and declares himself a former pirate, now reformed
by the meeting, who will return to the Indian Ocean as a missionary. The
crowd joyfully takes up a collection, netting the Dauphin eighty-seven
dollars and seventy-five cents, and many kisses from pretty young women.
Meanwhile, the Duke took over the deserted print offce and got nine and a
half dollars selling advertisements in the local newspaper. The Duke also
prints up a handbill offering a reward for Jim, so that they can travel
freely by day and tell whoever asks about Jim that the slave is their
captive. The Duke and Dauphin practice the balcony scene from Romeo and
Juliet and the sword fight from Richard III on the raft in Chapter Twenty-
one.
The duke also works on his recitation of Hamlet's "To be or not to be,"
soliloquy, which he has butchered, throwing in lines from other parts of
the play, and even Macbeth. But to Huck, the Duke seems to possess a great
talent. They visit a one-horse town in Arkansas where lazy young men loiter
in the streets, arguing over chewing tobacco. The Duke posts handbills for
the performance. Huck witnesses the shooting of a rowdy drunk by a man,
Sherburn, he insulted, in front of the victim's daughter. A crowd gathers
around the dying man and then goes off to lynch Sherburn.
The mob charges through the streets in Chapter Twenty-two, sending
women and children running away crying in its wake. They go to Sherburn's
house, knock down the front fence, but back away as the man meets them on
the roof of his front porch, ri e in hand. After a chilling silence,
Sherburn delivers a haughty speech on human nature, saying the average
person, and everyone in the mob, is a coward. Southern juries don't convict
murderers because they rightly fear being shot in the back, in the dark, by
the man's family. Mobs are the most pitiful of all, since no one in them is
brave enough in his own right to commit the act without the mass behind
him. Sherburn declares no one will lynch him: it is daylight and the
Southern way is to wait until dark and come wearing masks. The mob
disperses. Huck then goes to the circus, a "splendid" show, whose clown
manages to come up with fantastic one-liners in a remarkably short amount
of time. A performer, pretending to be a drunk, forces himself into the
ring and tries to ride a horse, apparently hanging on for dear life. The
crowd roars its amusement, except for Huck, who cannot bear to watch the
poor man's danger. Only twelve people came to the Duke's performance, and
they laughed all the way through. So the Duke prints another handbill, this
time advertising a performance of "The King's Cameleopard [Girafie] or The
Royal Nonesuch." Bold letters across the bottom read, "Women and Children
Not Admitted."
Chapters 23-25 Summary
The new performance plays to a capacity audience. The Dauphin, naked
except for body paint and some "wild" accouterments, has the audience
howling with laughter. But the Duke and Dauphin are nearly attacked when
the show is ended after this brief performance. To avoid losing face, the
audience convinces the rest of the town the show is a smash, and a capacity
crowd follows the second night. As the Duke anticipated, the third night's
crowd consists of the two previous audiences coming to get their revenge.
The Duke and Huck make a getaway to the raft before the show starts. From
the three-night run, they took in four-hundred sixty-five dollars. Jim is
shocked that the royals are such "rapscallions." Huck explains that history
shows nobles to be rapscallions who constantly lie, steal, and
decapitate{describing in the process how Henry VIII started the Boston Tea
Party and wrote the Declaration of Independence. Huck doesn't see the point
in telling Jim the two are fakes; besides, they really do seem like the
real thing. Jim spends his night watches "moaning and mourning" for his
wife and two children, Johnny and Lizabeth. Though "It don't seem natural,"
Huck concludes that Jim loves his family as much as whites love theirs. Jim
is torn apart when he hears a thud in the distance, because it reminds him
of the time he beat his Lizabeth for not doing what he said, not realizing
she had been made deaf-mute by her bout with scarlet fever.
In Chapter Twenty-four, Jim complains about having to wait, frightened, in the boat, tied up (to avoid suspicion) while the others are gone. So the
Duke dresses Jim in a calico stage robe and blue face paint, and posts a
sign, "Sick Arab{but harmless when not out of his head." Ashore and dressed
up in their newly bought clothes, the Dauphin decides to make a big
entrance by steamboat into the next town. The Dauphin calls Huck
"Adolphus," and encounters a talkative young man who tells him about the
recently deceased Peter Wilks. Wilks sent for his two brothers from
Shefield, England: Harvey, whom he had not seen since he was five, and
William, who is deaf-mute. He has left all his property to his brothers, though it seems uncertain whether they will ever arrive. The Dauphin gets
the young traveler, who is en route to Rio de Janeiro, to tell him
everything about the Wilks. In Wilks' town, they ask after Peter Wilks, pretending anguish when told of his death. The Dauphin even makes strange
hand signs to the Duke. "It was enough to make a body ashamed of the human
race," Huck thinks.
A crowd gathers before Wilks' house in Chapter Twenty-five, as the Duke
and Dauphin share a tearful meeting with the three Wilks daughters. The
entire town then joins in the "blubbering." "I never see anything so
disgusting," Huck thinks. Wilks' letter (which he left instead of a will)
leaves the house and three thousand dollars to his daughters, and to his
brothers, three thousand dollars, plus a tan-yard and seven thousand
dollars in real estate. The Duke and Dauphin privately count the money, adding four-hundred fifteen dollars of their own money when the stash comes
up short of the letter's six-thousand, for appearances. They then give it
all to the Wilks women in a great show before a crowd of townspeople.
Doctor Abner Shackleford, an old friend of the deceased, interrupts to
declare them frauds, their accents ridiculously phony. He asks Mary Jane, the oldest Wilks sister, to listen to him as a friend and turn the
impostors out. In reply, she hands the Dauphin the six thousand dollars to
invest however he sees fit.
Chapters 26-28 Summary
Рекомендуем скачать другие рефераты по теме: купить диплом о высшем образовании, бесплатные рефераты без регистрации скачать, титульный дипломной работы.
Предыдущая страница реферата | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | Следующая страница реферата