Career in hotel industry

Категория реферата: Топики по английскому языку
Теги реферата: конспекты 8 класс, изложение по русскому языку 7
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5) Seasonal demand for the hotel service. It has an influence on the loading of the hotel.

6) Interdependency between the hotel service and the purpose of the traveling.

III. The structure of the management in the lodging industry consists of administrative secnating.

In the lodging industry there are three types of the structure:

1) Lineal structure. Every section has the manager who is responcible for the activities of this section. This manager submits to the higher manager. The advantages of this structure are the clear responsibility, the simplicity of the management. But the manager must be very skilled to manage all processes. Besides that there are too many contacts with the subordinamper the work of the manager.

2) The functional structure. The main idea is that the specialists perform the separate functions and they are united in departments. The advantages of the functional structure are the high competence of the specialists, standardization and the programming of the processes. The main problem of this structure is the excessive centralization.

3) Lineal-functional. It includes the special sections by the lineal managers. Among the advantages one can account the co-operation of the experts and the better preparation of the decisions and plans. The defects of this structure are the unclear responsibility and the absence of the connections between departments.

In addition to the usual management positions, multi-unit companies may have area, district, and regional and/or corporate-level management. There may be several separate departments operating at a hotel, requiring frequent communication among staff members to co- ordinate their activities.

The administrative structure of the hotel depends on its purpose, capacity and the specific character of the guests.

IV. Among the main methods of the management in the lodging industry we can number economic, administrative and social psychological methods.

The leading idea of the economic method is to make such kind of the conditions to the staff, in which it can take into account at most the consequences of its administrative and production activities.

The administrative method is based on the directive instructions.

The main purpose of the social-psychological method is the forming of the positive climate in the collective. The success of the activities of the manager depends in the main on his ability to work with people and on right using all these methods.

V. A French industrialist, Henri Fayol, wrote in 1916 a classic definition of the manager’s role. He said that to manage is “to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control.” This definition is still accepted by many people today, though some writers on management have modified Fayol’s description. Instead of talking about

“command”, they say a manager must “motivate” or “direct” and “lead” other workers.

Henri Fayol’s definition of a manager’s functions is useful.

However, in most companies, the activities of a manager depend on the level at which he/she is working. Top managers, such as directors, will be more involved in long planning, policy making and the relations of the company. These strategy decisions are part of the planning function mentioned by Fayol.

One the other hand, middle management is help an organization to run efficiently. It is urgent order or sorting out a technical problem.

Managers at this level spend a great deal of time communicating, coordinating and making decisions affecting the daily operation of their organization.

Managers in the lodging industry perform five basic operations.

. Firstly, managers set objectives. They decide what these should be and how the organization can achieve them. For this task they need analytical ability.

. Secondly, managers organize. They must decide how the resources of the company are to be used, how the work is to be classified and divided. Furthermore, they must select people for the jobs to be done. For this, they not only need analytical ability but also understanding of human beings.

. The third task is to motivate and communicate effectively.

They must be able to get people to work as a team, and to be as productive as possible.

To do this, they will be communicating effectively with all levels of the organization – their superiors, colleagues and subordinates. To succeed in this task, managers need social skills. The fourth activity is measurement. Having set standards, managers have to measure the performance of the organization and of its staff in relation to those standards. Measuring requires analytical ability. Finally, managers develop people more productive and to grow as human beings. They make them bigger and richer persons.

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