The history of Old English and its development
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N swaюa fуra tigola
G swaюa fуra tigola
D swaюum fуrum tigolum
A swaюa fуra tigola
Another major group of Old English nouns consists only of feminine nouns.
Funny but in Indo-European they are called a-stems. But Germanic turned
vowels sometimes upside down, and this long a became long o. However, practically no word of this type ends in -o, which was lost or transformed.
The special variants of у-stems are jo- and wo-stems which have practically
the same declension but with the corresponding sounds between the root and
the ending.
Examples of у-stems: caru (care), sceamu (shame), onswaru (worry), lufu
(love), lбr (an instruction), sorg (sorrow), юrбg (a season), ides (a
woman).
Examples of jу-stems: sibb (peace), ecg (a blade), secg (a sword), hild (a fight), жx (an axe).
Examples of wу-stems: beadu (a battle), nearu (need), lжs (a beam). i-stems
Masc. Neut.
Sg.
N sige (victory) hyll (hill) sife (sieve)
G siges hylles sifes
D sige hylle sife
A sige hyll sife
Pl.
N sigeas hyllas sifu
G sigea hylla sifa
D sigum hyllum sifum
A sigeas hyllas sifu
The tribes and nations were usually of this very type, and were used always
in plural: Engle (the Angles), Seaxe (the Saxons), Mierce (the Mercians),
Norюymbre (the Northumbrians), Dene (the Danish)
N Dene
G Dena (Miercna, Seaxna)
D Denum
A Dene
Fem.
Sg. Pl.
N hyd (hide) hэde, hэda
G hэde hэda
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