Предыдущая страница реферата | 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11 | Следующая страница реферата

D hэde hэdum

A hэd hэde, hэda
This kind of stems included all three genders and derived from the same type of Indo-European stems, frequent also in other branches and languages of the family.
Examples: masculine - mere (a sea), mete (food), dжl (a part), giest (a guest), drync (a drink); neuter - spere (a spear); feminine - cwйn (a woman), wiht (a thing). u-stems

Masc. Fem.

Sg.

N sunu (son)feld (field) duru (door) hand (hand)

G suna felda dura handa

D suna felda dura handa

A sunu feld duru hand

Pl.

N suna felda dura handa

G suna felda dura handa

D sunum feldum durum handum

A suna felda dura handa

They can be either masculine or feminine. Here it is seen clearly how
Old English lost its final -s in endings: Gothic had sunus and handus, while Old English has already sunu and hand respectively. Interesting that dropping final consonants is also a general trend of almost all Indo-
European languages. Ancient tongues still keep them everywhere - Greek,
Latin, Gothic, Old Prussian, Sanskrit, Old Irish; but later, no matter where a language is situated and what processes it undergoes, final consonants (namely -s, -t, often -m, -n) disappear, remaining nowadays only in the two Baltic languages and in New Greek.
Examples: masculine - wudu (wood), medu (honey), weald (forest), sumor (a summer); fem. - nosu (a nose), flуr (a floor).

The other type of nouns according to their declension was the group of
Weak nouns, derived from n-nouns is Common Germanic. Their declension is simple and stable, having special endings:

Masc. Fem. Neut.

Sg.

N nama (name) cwene (woman) йage (eye)

G naman cwenan йagan

D naman cwenan йagan

A naman cwenan йage

Pl.

N naman cwenan йagan

G namena cwenena йagena

D namum cwenum йagum

Рекомендуем скачать другие рефераты по теме: инновационный менеджмент, план дипломной работы, банк курсовых работ бесплатно.



Предыдущая страница реферата | 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11 | Следующая страница реферата

Поделитесь этой записью или добавьте в закладки