Механические свойства элементов Периодической системы Менделеева

Категория реферата: Рефераты по химии
Теги реферата: операции реферат, развитие ребенка реферат
Добавил(а) на сайт: Велимир.

Chromium (As-Swaged)
Hardness, Brinell 125
Hardness, Knoop 144 Converted from Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B 72 Converted from Brinell
Hardness, Vickers 131 Converted from Brinell
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 413 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 362 MPa
Elongation at Break 44%

Manganese
Hardness, Brinell 460 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Rockwell A 75 Converted from Vickers
Hardness, Rockwell C 48 Converted from Vickers
Hardness, Vickers 500
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 496 MPa ?-Phase
Tensile Strength, Yield 241 MPa ?-Phase
Modulus of Elasticity 159 GPa
Bulk Modulus 92,6 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,35
Shear Modulus 76,4 GPa

Iron
Hardness, Brinell 146 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Rockwell A 49
Hardness, Rockwell B 79
Hardness, Vickers 150
Tensile Strength, Yield 50 MPa 0,5% strain; after zone refining
Modulus of Elasticity 200 GPa
Bulk Modulus 166 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,291
Shear Modulus 87 GPa Calculated

Cobalt
Hardness, Brinell 125
Hardness, Vickers 253
Tensile Strength, Yield 225 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity 211 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,32
Shear Modulus 82,6 GPa

Nickel (Annealed)
Hardness, Vickers 75
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 45 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity 207 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,31
Shear Modulus 76 GPa

Nickel (Typical)
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 317 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 59 MPa
Elongation at Break 30%
Shear Modulus 76 GPa

Copper (Annealed)
Hardness, Vickers 50
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 210 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 33,3 MPa
Elongation at Break 60%
Modulus of Elasticity 110 GPa
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,343
Shear Modulus 46 GPa

Copper (Cold-Worked)
Hardness, Brinell 89 Converted from Vickers for 500 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Rockwell A 35
Hardness, Rockwell B 51
Hardness, Vickers 100
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,35

Copper (Cold Drawn)
Hardness, Rockwell B 37
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 344 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 333,4 MPa
Elongation at Break 14%
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,364

Zinc
Hardness, Vickers 30
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 37 MPa cast sample
Modulus of Elasticity 96,5 GPa

Gallium
Hardness, Vickers 50

Germanium
Knoop Microhardness 7644 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity 130 GPa Average of three axes
Poisson's Ratio 0,3 Calculated
Shear Modulus 50 GPa Average of three axes

Selenium
Knoop Microhardness 350 N/mm2 Gray Selenium
Modulus of Elasticity 57,9 GPa
Shear Modulus 6,46 GPa

Rubidium
Modulus of Elasticity 2,35 GPa

Strontium
Bulk Modulus 11,61 GPa

Yttrium
Hardness, Vickers 40 highly anisotropic
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 150 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 67 MPa
Elongation at Break 34% in 25 mm
Modulus of Elasticity 63,5 GPa
Bulk Modulus 41,2 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,243
Shear Modulus 25,6 GPa

Zirconium
Hardness, Brinell 145 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball,
Annealed sample
Hardness, Rockwell A 49 annealed sample
Hardness, Rockwell B 78 Annealed sample
Hardness, Vickers 150 annealed sample
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 330 MPa Annealed
Tensile Strength, Yield 230 MPa Annealed
Elongation at Break 32% Annealed
Modulus of Elasticity 94,5 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,34
Shear Modulus 40 GPa Calculated

Niobium (Columbium) (Annealed Sample)
Hardness, Vickers 80
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 300 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 207 MPa
Elongation at Break 30%
Modulus of Elasticity 103 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,38
Shear Modulus 37,5 GPa

Niobium (Columbium) (Cold-Worked)
Hardness, Brinell 126 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Rockwell A 45
Hardness, Rockwell B 71
Hardness, Vickers 130
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 600 MPa

Niobium (Columbium) (Wrought)
Hardness, Brinell 152 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Knoop 175
Hardness, Rockwell B 81,7
Hardness, Vickers 160
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 585 MPa
Elongation at Break 5%

Molybdenum (Annealed)
Hardness, Brinell 225 Converted from Vickers for 3000 kg load/10 mm ball
Brinell test
Hardness, Rockwell A 60 Converted from Vickers
Hardness, Rockwell B 98 Converted from Vickers
Hardness, Rockwell C 19 Converted from Vickers
Hardness, Vickers 230
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 324 MPa
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 350 MPa Single crystal
Modulus of Elasticity 330 GPa; 275 GPa at 1000°C
Compressive Yield Strength 400 MPa 0,01% Yield
Bulk Modulus 272 GPa
Shear Modulus 120 GPa
Shear Strength 500 MPa torsional strain rate 0,25/sec

Molybdenum (Recrystallized)
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 415 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 300 MPa 0,2% Offset
Elongation at Break Max 40% in 50 mm

Molybdenum (Stress Relieved Condition)
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 515 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 415 MPa 0,2% Offset
Elongation at Break 2–17% in 50 mm

Technetium (Annealed)
Hardness, Brinell 112
Hardness, Vickers 151
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 800 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 320 MPa 0,2% offset
Elongation at Break 30% in 25 mm
Modulus of Elasticity 322 GPa in tension
Bulk Modulus 281 GPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,31
Shear Modulus 123 GPa

Technetium (As-Rolled)
Hardness, Brinell 442
Hardness, Vickers 394
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 1510 MPa
Tensile Strength, Yield 1290 MPa 0,2% offset
Elongation at Break 4% in 25 mm

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