The history of Old English and its development
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6. on- = change or separation - onbindan (unbind), onlъcan (unlock)
7. tу- = destruction - tуbrecan (break)
The Old English Auxiliary Words.
These traditionally include prepositions, conjunctions, different particles and
interjections. All Indo-European languages have this system of auxiliary
parts of speech, though there are languages which lack some of them.
Japanese, for example, has no prepositions, and the service function in the
sentence belongs to postpositive words which have cases, the same as nouns.
Korean does not use any conjunctions, replacing them by about 50 different
kinds of verbal adverbs. As for Chinese, it simply does not make any
distinction in the sentence between basic and auxiliary words.
Most of Old English prepositions are easily recognizable:
Primary: of (of, out of), жt (to), fram (from), tу (to), wiю (against), in, of, mid (with), on (on, at), be (by, near, to, because of, about), юurh
(through), under, ofer (over), жfter (after), bufan (above), ъt (out).
Secondary: beforan (before), bъtan (without), benorюan (north of), etc.
жt means 'to' and wiю means 'against'. In Germanic all prepositions divided
into those who used nouns in dative, accusative or genitive. But in the Old
English period this distinction begins to disappear, and only some of the
prepositions use dative (mid, bъtan, sometimes on, in) or genitive (fram, ъt, жfter).
Conjunctions included the following:
Primary: and / ond (and) , ac (but), gif (if), or.
Secondary: жgюer ge... ge (both... and..., either ... or...), hwonne
(when), юa (when), юonne (when), юйбh (though), южtte (that), жr (before), swб... swб... (so... as...).
And a few interjections: iб (yes), wб (woe!, wow!), hwжt (there! what!).
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